The pay for delivering merchandise from one area to another is known as freight transportation. Although the pricing appears to be straightforward at first look, this is not the case. To begin, there are several modes of freight transportation: land and train. The costs for each of these are determined in a unique way. This has to do with a variety of extra services that each mode of transportation and cargo provides. Reloading, customs brokering, crane rental, and unique cargo or delivery requirements are all examples of additional services.

The majority of price discrepancies are due to whether complete or groupage cargo is sent.

‘Full cargo’ usually refers to a container or cargo area that is exclusively designated for the goods of a single customer. ‘Groupage cargo’ refers to cargo space that is shared by multiple customers’ goods. The charges are divided by the amount of space occupied. When the cargo does not take up a lot of space, this mode of transportation is preferred.

The cost of road freight transportation is easier to calculate because it is mostly determined by the size and weight of the shipment. The weight of the goods will determine which sort of cargo trailer is best for transportation, whether it’s a lowered trailer for transporting forest equipment or a simple tarpaulin truck. The cost of transportation is also affected by the type of cargo. Certain cargos necessitate special circumstances, such as specific temperatures or safety equipment. Finally, the location of the goods and the delivery location will play a role in deciding the pricing. The cost of transportation is determined by both the distance traveled and the destination. The higher the transportation cost, the further the destination is from the famous city centers. Because freight drivers design their routes so that their cargo space is constantly full, this is the case. There are additional costs associated with driving an empty truck.

Full and groupage cargo are two types of road freight that are regularly used. For groupage cargo, loading meters are used to compute prices. One loading metre is equal to one metre of the cargo space’s total length. The formula for calculating loading metres is [(cargo length x cargo width)/truck width]. In most circumstances, the truck width is 2.40 meters.

The type of cargo has a significant impact on rail freight transportation pricing. Depending on whether it’s coal, liquids, or timber, each type of freight has its own tariff code. The wagon rental incurs additional expenses. Wagons can be owned by either the railway corporation or private businesses. As a result, each cargo code and wagon type have their own tariff, which varies by country. These tariffs (cargo code and wagon type) are multiplied by the planned length of the voyage in each nation to arrive at the final charge. Of course, the cargo’s weight is taken into account as well. The supply of wagons has the greatest impact on the price of rail transportation. The bigger the demand for wagons, the higher the price.